Chromatography is a separation method used to isolate and purify components from mixtures. Preparative and process chromatography are large-scale forms widely used in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Preparative chromatography focuses on producing purified compounds for research and small-scale production, while process chromatography is applied in industrial manufacturing to purify bulk products. These techniques are commonly used for purifying proteins, antibodies, vaccines, enzymes, and other biomolecules in pharmaceuticals, food processing, and chemical industries to ensure high product purity and quality.