Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer characterized by the abnormal growth of plasma cells, which are specialized white blood cells that play a crucial role in generating antibodies to combat infections. These plasma cells predominantly reside in the bone marrow—the soft tissue found within bones where blood cells are produced. In the case of multiple myeloma, these abnormal plasma cells proliferate uncontrollably, accumulating in the bone marrow. This disrupts the normal production of healthy blood cells and leads to the excessive production of abnormal proteins known as monoclonal (M) proteins, which can result in serious complications affecting various organs.