Cerium oxide nanoparticles or CeO2 NPs are a sub-classification of rare earth metal oxide nanomaterials exhibiting some highly catalytic, optical, and redox properties. Due to their excellent oxygen storage capabilities and high reactivity over the surface, there are abundant applications in materials science and catalysis research, also in energy and biomedical domains, and environmentally for the treatment of pollutants. To prepare tailored characteristics for required applications, cerium oxides generally are synthesized through such techniques of sol-gel, hydrothermal, co-precipitation, etc. Furthermore, the growth of the cerium oxide nanoparticles market is driven by several key factors.